Alevel心理学大热知识点分析 中英对照的素材模板！（上）

　　大家在备考Alevel心理学的时候，除了要掌握题型之外，还要清楚重点的知识点，细节决定成败是亘古不变的道理，今天主要为大家介绍的是alevel心理学考试中有关媒体传播的大热考点，希望对大家的备考有帮助，后篇会持续分享相关资源，欢迎关注哦！

　　Media influences on anti-social behaviour

　　媒体对反社会行为的影响

　　Much emphasis has been placed on the role of the media (particularly television and film) in influencing anti-social behaviour. At the time of writing this Learn-it, a Yeovil man was imprisoned for threats of bombings - the film 'Speed' was cited as a possible influence by the investigating officer. Research studies, however, provide inconclusive evidence.

　　媒体（尤其是电视和电影）在影响反社会行为方面的作用得到了很大的重视。在写这篇报道的时候，一名约维尔男子因威胁制造爆炸事件而被监禁--电影《速度》被调查官员列为可能的影响因素。然而，调查研究提供了不确定的证据。

　　A positive correlation between hours of television watched and frequency of aggressive behaviours has been found (Robinson & Bachman, 1972) but this finding does not show that television causes aggression.

　　人们发现电视观看时间和攻击性行为的频率之间存在正相关关系（Robinson和Bachman，1972年），但这一发现并不表明电视会导致攻击性。

　　Bandura has shown that modelling can lead to the imitation of aggressive behaviours. It has been shown that violent programmes results in an increase in aggression in children (Liebert & Baron, 1972) but laboratory experiments may be too artificial.

　　班杜拉（Bandura）表明，模仿可以导致对攻击性行为的模仿。有研究表明，暴力节目会导致儿童攻击性的增加（Liebert & Baron, 1972），但实验室实验可能太过人为。

　　Field experiments have higher ecological validity than lab experiments. Parke et al. (1977) showed that aggression in delinquent boys rises if they watch violent films at home. No change in aggressive behaviour is observed if they view non-violent films.

　　现场实验比实验室实验具有更高的生态学有效性。Parke等人（1977年）表明，如果犯罪的男孩在家里看暴力电影，他们的攻击性就会上升。如果他们观看非暴力电影，则没有观察到攻击性行为的变化。

　　Natural experiments show that the introduction of televisions to a town increases the aggressive behaviour of the inhabitants (Joy et al., 1986). However, it is not possible to be sure that the change in behaviour was a result of violence on television.

　　自然实验表明，在一个城镇引进电视会增加居民的攻击性行为（Joy等人，1986）。然而，我们不可能确定行为的改变是电视暴力的结果。

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