A-level生物高频考点自然界碳循环Carbon Cycle详解

　　Alevel阶段的生物课程需要大家兼顾理论和实践，在本篇中，小编为大家收集了Alevel生物的高频知识点，涵盖了所有有关碳循环的内容，例如定义、碳循环的分类，及其方程式示例等。中英对照的版本可供大家进行记忆和在论文写作中参考，一起来看看吧！

　　Carbon cycle shows the movement of carbon in elemental and combined states on earth. Diamond and graphite are the elemental forms of carbon and in a combined state, it is found as carbonates in minerals and as carbon dioxide gas in the atmosphere. Read on to explore the definition and the steps involved in the carbon cycle. Also learn the various elements of the carbon cycle diagram.

　　碳循环显示了碳在地球上的元素和组合状态的运动。钻石和石墨是碳的元素形式，在组合状态下，它以矿物中的碳酸盐和大气中的二氧化碳气体形式存在。继续阅读，探索碳循环的定义和涉及的步骤。还可以了解碳循环图中的各种元素。

　　Carbon Cycle Definition 碳循环的定义

　　Carbon cycle is the process where carbon compounds are interchanged among the biosphere, geosphere, pedosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere of the earth.

　　碳循环是指碳化合物在地球的生物圈、地圈、土壤圈、水圈和大气圈之间相互交换的过程。

　　Carbon Cycle Steps 碳循环的步骤

　　Following are the major steps involved in the process of the carbon cycle:

　　Carbon present in the atmosphere is absorbed by plants for photosynthesis.

　　These plants are then consumed by animals and carbon gets bioaccumulated into their bodies.

　　These animals and plants eventually die, and upon decomposing, carbon is released back into the atmosphere.

　　Some of the carbon that is not released back into the atmosphere eventually become fossil fuels.

　　These fossil fuels are then used for man-made activities, which pump more carbon back into the atmosphere.

　　以下是碳循环过程中的主要步骤。

　　大气中的碳被植物吸收进行光合作用。

　　然后，这些植物被动物吃掉，碳被生物累积到它们的体内。

　　这些动物和植物最终死亡，在分解时，碳被释放回大气中。

　　一些没有释放回大气中的碳最终成为化石燃料。

　　这些化石燃料然后被用于人造活动，从而将更多的碳抽回大气中。

　　Carbon Cycle Diagram 碳循环图

　　The carbon cycle diagram below elaborates the flow of carbon along different paths. 下面的碳循环图阐述了碳在不同路径上的流动。

　　Carbon Cycle on Land 陆地上的碳循环

　　Carbon in the atmosphere is present in the form of carbon dioxide. Carbon enters the atmosphere through natural processes such as respiration and industrial applications such as burning fossil fuels. The process of photosynthesis involves the absorption of CO2 by plants to produce carbohydrates. The equation is as follows:

　　大气层中的碳是以二氧化碳的形式存在的。碳通过呼吸作用等自然过程和燃烧化石燃料等工业应用进入大气。光合作用的过程涉及到植物对二氧化碳的吸收，以产生碳水化合物。该方程式如下：

　　CO2 + H2O + energy → (CH2O)n +O2

　　Carbon compounds are passed along the food chain from the producers to consumers. The majority of the carbon exists in the body in the form of carbon dioxide through respiration. The role of decomposers is to eat the dead organism and return the carbon from their body back into the atmosphere. The equation for this process is:

　　碳化合物沿着食物链从生产者传递给消费者。大部分的碳通过呼吸作用以二氧化碳的形式存在于体内。分解者的作用是吃掉死去的生物体，并将其体内的碳送回大气中。这个过程的方程式是：

　　(CH2O)n +O2 → CO2 + H2O

　　Oceanic Carbon Cycle 海洋碳循环

　　This is essentially a carbon cycle but in the sea. Ecologically, oceans take in more carbon than it gives out. Hence, it is called a “carbon sink.” Marine animals convert carbon to calcium carbonate and this forms the raw building materials require to create hard shells, similar to the ones found in clams and oysters.

　　这基本上是一个碳循环，但在海洋中。在生态学上，海洋吸收的碳比它发出的多。因此，它被称为 "碳汇"。海洋动物将碳转化为碳酸钙，这形成了制造硬壳所需的原始建筑材料，类似于蛤蜊和牡蛎中的硬壳。

　　以上是小编为大家总结的Alevel生物高频考点碳循环，希望对大家有所帮助，祝各位同学学业有成金榜题名！如有更多Alevel辅导的需要，欢迎联系在线客服老师，会获得更专业的指导~