Alevel经济规模经济模块知识点 自查备考必看！

　　Alevel经济学的学习要点之一就是把我大体模块知识点，用面带点梳理思路会让同学们的学习更搞笑，记忆的知识点也会更牢靠，本篇为大家梳理的是规模经济中内部规模经济的知识点，同学们可用作参考形成思维导图，一起来看看吧！

　　Economies of scale can be divided into internal and external economies 规模经济可以分为内部和外部经济:

　　Internal economies of scale simply benefit a single business as it grows (i.e. its average cost of production starts to fall). 内部规模经济只是使单个企业在发展中受益（即其平均生产成本开始下降）。

　　External economies of scale, however, benefit all the businesses in a particular industry (i.e. the average cost of production will fall for all the businesses in a particular industry). 而外部规模经济则使某一行业的所有企业受益（即某一行业的所有企业的平均生产成本将下降）。

　　Internal economies of scale 内部规模经济

　　Internal economies of scale fall into four main categories

　　内部规模经济主要分为四类:

　　Technical. This refers to the fact that the use of automated equipment and machinery to produce output is far more cost-effective than using labour, since the machinery can be used 24 hours a day, with no breaks and with a constant level of output per hour.

　　技术性。这指的是使用自动化设备和机器来生产产出远比使用劳动力更具成本效益，因为机器可以一天24小时使用，没有休息，每小时的产出水平恒定。

　　Purchasing. Larger businesses are more likely to be able to bulk-buy their supplies and their raw materials, and therefore secure their supplies at a far lower cost per unit than a smaller business.

　　采购。大型企业更有可能批量购买他们的供应品和原材料，因此确保他们的供应品的单位成本远远低于小型企业。

　　Financial. Banks and other financial institutions are more likely to offer a lower rate of interest on a loan repayment to a larger business than to a smaller business, since the larger business represents less of a risk because it is more financially secure.

　　金融。银行和其他金融机构更有可能为大型企业提供比小型企业更低的贷款偿还利率，因为大型企业代表着较小的风险，因为它在财务上更安全。

　　Managerial. Larger businesses are more likely to be able to afford to employ managers who are specialists in a particular field. These managers can therefore devote all their time to specializing in one particular field (resulting in higher levels of efficiency and hopefully falling average costs). Smaller businesses will often employ managers who have to perform a variety of tasks and therefore cannot specialize in a single area of the business.

　　管理方面。规模较大的企业更有可能雇用得起某一领域的专家经理。因此，这些经理人可以把他们所有的时间都投入到某一特定领域的专业工作中（导致更高的效率水平，并希望平均成本下降）。较小的企业通常会雇用必须执行各种任务的经理人，因此不能在企业的某一领域进行专门研究。

　　以上是小编为大家总结的Alevel经济学知识点。希望对大家有所帮助，祝各位同学学业有成金榜题名！如有更多Alevel课程辅导的需要，欢迎联系在线客服老师，会获得更专业的指导~