Alevel经济高分复习笔记分享→英国与欧元（1）

　　Alevel经济学一直都是留学热门专业，它所学习的内容涵盖了一系列基本的经济思想，并且引导同学们立足国际，培养经济大视野，如果大家对未来从事金融业或商业很感兴趣，alevel经济学是一门很适合学习的科目！本篇中小编为大家总结了Alevel经济学高分笔记中有关英国和欧元的部分，后篇会持续更新，可供参考。

　　The Euro——Should the UK Join the Single Currency?

　　欧元——英国应该加入单一货币吗？

　　It would not be too strong a statement to say that the decision as to whether the UK should replace the pound with the euro is certainly the biggest economic, and perhaps the biggest political, decision since the Second World War. The government are committed to holding a referendum (a vote of the general public) as to whether or not to join after the May 2001 election, once Gordon Brown's five economic conditions have been met.

　　如果说英国是否应该用欧元取代英镑的决定肯定是第二次世界大战以来最大的经济决定，也许也是最大的政治决定，这样的说法并不过分。政府承诺在2001年5月的选举之后，一旦戈登-布朗的五个经济条件得到满足，就会就是否加入举行全民公决（由公众投票）。

　　Many of you will be old enough to vote and it could be one of the most important votes of your life. Even if you hate politics, as an educated individual you really ought to have an opinion as to whether the UK should or should not join the euro.The arguments are outlined below.

　　你们中的许多人将达到投票年龄，这可能是你们一生中最重要的投票之一。即使你讨厌政治，作为一个受过教育的人，你真的应该对英国是否应该加入欧元有自己的看法。以下是有关论点的概述。

　　The case for 案例

　　Stability 稳定性

　　Probably the biggest advantage of joining the euro is the fact that our exchange rate will be stable against the other eleven members forever more. Over half of UK exports and imports come from trade with the EU. The stability for these exporters will enable them to plan more easily and investment is likely to rise. It will also encourage further trade between these countries, which should lead to furthereconomies of scale.

　　There would probably be more stability with interest rates too. The seventeen-member council of the ECB come from eleven different countries with varied vested interests, so consensus, and therefore a decision on interest rates, tend to be less frequent than with the UK's MPC, who only have to think of the UK. Of course, that is why the MPCs decisions tend to be better!

　　加入欧元的最大好处可能是，我们的汇率将对其他11个成员国永远稳定。英国一半以上的出口和进口都来自与欧盟的贸易。这些出口商的稳定将使他们能够更容易地制定计划，投资也可能会增加。它还将鼓励这些国家之间的进一步贸易，这应该导致进一步的规模经济。

　　利率方面可能也会更加稳定。欧洲央行的17名理事会成员来自11个不同的国家，有着不同的既得利益，因此，与英国的货币政策委员会相比，达成共识，从而作出利率决定的频率往往较低，因为后者只需考虑英国的情况。当然，这也是为什么货币政策委员会的决定往往更好的原因。

　　Price transparency 价格透明

　　Many economists think that this is one of the biggest advantages. At the moment, comparing prices between countries is difficult due to the numerous different exchange rates. If the UK was part of the euro, all prices would be expressed in one currency. Prices would be transparent. A British consumer could easily compare the price of a car here to one in euro-land. This will force firms to be more price competitive, unable to hide behind a changing exchange rate. This should result in lower prices for all consumers.

　　One can be a little cynical about this advantage. Surely, anyone with a calculator and some basic arithmetic skills can already work out the prices of goods in foreign countries. We have to do it all the time when we go on holiday abroad. Also, whatever the unit of currency, how is a hairdresser in Spain going to compete with a hairdresser in the UK? Unless the product in question is a big-ticket item, like a car, where British consumers are already prepared to cross the channel in search for cheaper deals (whatever the currency), then little EU wide competition will occur.

　　许多经济学家认为，这是最大的优势之一。目前，由于存在众多不同的汇率，国家之间的价格比较是很困难的。如果英国是欧元的一部分，所有的价格都将以一种货币表示。价格将是透明的。一个英国消费者可以很容易地比较这里和欧元区的汽车价格。这将迫使企业在价格上更具竞争力，不能躲在不断变化的汇率后面。这应导致所有消费者的价格降低。

　　人们可能会对这一优势感到有点愤慨。当然，任何有计算器和一些基本算术技能的人都已经可以算出外国商品的价格。当我们去国外度假时，我们必须一直这样做。此外，无论货币单位是什么，西班牙的美发师如何与英国的美发师竞争？除非有关产品是像汽车这样的大件商品，而英国消费者已经准备跨过海峡去寻找更便宜的交易（无论货币是什么），那么欧盟范围内的竞争将很少发生。

　　以上是小编为大家收集的Alevel经济学高分笔记（1），希望对大家有所帮助，祝各位同学学业有成金榜题名！后篇将会持续更新，如有更多Alevel辅导的需要，欢迎联系在线客服老师，会获得更专业的指导~