ACT写作深度解析及满分范文点评

ACT考试内容分为五个部分：英语（English）、数学（Math）、阅读（Reading）、科学（Science）、写作（Writing）。其中写作为选考，与其他科目是不一样的。所以写作这个科目是需要单独提出来进行深度剖析的。今天我们来对ACT写作进行深度解析吧！

考试内容

ACT写作主要考察学生的写作技能，尤其是在高中英语课堂以及本科入门写作课程中所强调的写作技能。

考生会被要求在40分钟内针对一些现象或者问题完成一篇议论文。考生首先会看到一个提示框，里面会包含被讨论问题的主题（题目）、介绍（引言）以及三个不同的观点。考生的任务（写作要求）是在自己的文章中就该问题提出自己的观点并解释自己的观点和提示框中的观点之间有什么联系。

评分标准

ACT写作对分数的评判主要由两个部分组成：原始分数和最后总分。原始分数是由两位专业考官分别从四个维度进行1-6分的评判。最后总分则是根据原始分数换算成2-12分的最终成绩。下面老师来具体分析一下这四个维度：

一、分析与评估（Ideas and Analysis）

“An insightful context for analysis of the issue and its perspectives.”

这是在这一项中可以取得5-6分的官方要求。同学们从字面上可以看出该考察项要求考生能够全面深入地分析题目的主题和三个观点。

由此可见，在“分析与评估”这个维度上取得高分的关键是：

1、不能跑题；

2、在观点和题目之间建立有效的逻辑关系；

3、对题目所给出的观点进行分类讨论。

二、展开与论证（Development and Support）

“The essay is focused on its purpose throughout; the entire response works in service of the larger argument. The reasoning and illustration in each body paragraph function to deepen understanding of the thesis.”

如果在这一项中想要取得高分，同学们需要对自己的文章和论点有细致的展开，句子和句子之间的逻辑关系正确，并且有丰富多样的论据加以支持。

由此可见，在“展开与论证”这个维度上取得高分的关键是：

1、整篇文章的观点和各个主体段中的分论点之间要有明确的逻辑关系；

2、主体段内部要有对分论点的进一步解释说明；

3、使用不同的论据方法来证明各个分论点。

三、结构与组织（Organization）

“The writer employs a productive organizational strategy. The introduction presents a roadmap for discussion, and this outline serves as a unifying force for the argument.”

这一项需要考生在开头段就能够展示清晰的逻辑，并且整篇文章都要围绕开头段中揭示的逻辑线路展开。

由此可见，在“结构与组织”这个维度上取得高分的关键是：

1、开头段要有明确的逻辑链；

2、全文紧扣住这个逻辑链展开论证；

3、学会使用有效的连接词以及过渡句。

四、语言使用与规约

（Language Use and Conventions）

“Word choice and sentence structures are precise and diverse, and are used to communicate complex ideas with relative concision. A formal, academic tone demonstrates strong comprehension of the rhetorical situation and works in service of the writer’ s measured argument.”

语言表达是每一个作文考试中都会考察到的重要部分。在这一项中考生需要做到词汇和句型的多样准确，可以熟练使用书面用语进行写作，还能够使用一些修辞手法进行写作。

由此可见，在“语言使用与规约”这个维度上取得高分的关键是：

1、语言词汇以及句式要注意多样性和准确性；

2、合理使用修辞；

3、在表达较为复杂的内容时同样可以做到以上两点。

范文分析

题目

Free MusicFree 

music is now available through many legal sources, from streaming services to online radiostations, making it largely unnecessary to purchase an album or even a single song. As sales figurescontinue to drop, some musicians, both high-profile and relatively unknown, have even quit trying tosell their music altogether, chosing instead to release new material for free online. Perhaps this trend isa matter of simple economics: cheap is good, but free is better. But it is worth considering whether ourapparent unwillingness to spend money on music is an indication that its value in our lives is changing.

Read and carefully consider these perspectives. Each suggests a particular way of thinking about the changing value of music in our lives.

Perspective One：Digital technologies andthe Internet have changedour relationship withmusic. It is so plentifuland readily available nowthat all value has beendiluted.

Perspective Two：Music competes for ourattention with many otherkinds of inexpensiveentertainment these days.We still value it, but wealso have a lot of otherways to spend our money.

Perspective Three：With so many freesources, people arelistening to more musicand discovering morenew musicians than everbefore. Wide availabilityhas only increased ourappreciation of music.

满分范文

Musicians create in order to share their experience with others. As listeners, we make emotional connections with music. Songs can lighten our moods, inspire us, and even make us feel less alone. Such an emotional connection is much deeper than a monetary connection to music（将经济和文化区分，用词准确）and that people seek this connection is how we know that music still has great cultural value. In the modern technological environment, the value of music in our culture only increases（作者自己的看法）.

Today, digital technology is the driving force behind free music. Various online sources offer music to you with internet access. There are many people who are unwillingly to pay for music since they can get it for free from these sources. This situation has come about through basic economics（对观点二的讨论）.A surplus of any commodity will necessarily drive down the price of that commodity（对经济概念的解释，用词专业清晰）, and, thanks to digital technology, there is today a surplus of music, Butjust because people are taking advantage of this surplusdoesn't mean that our culture has not maintained its enjoyment of music（对观点一的批判）.If we only consider economics, we might conclude that our preference for free music suggests that we place less value on music than we did in the past（从侧面丰富自己的观点）; however, a look at the role music plays in our culture suggests that we value it as much as ever（启下）.

Think of how often we encounter music in our daily lives（承上）.We carry music withus, in our pockets, wherever we go. Music plays at the grocery store, at the coffee shop, at the mall（表述变得日常，符合语境）.Advertisements puton music, baseball players have “walk-up” songs, and people spend outrageous amount of money on stereosystems for their cars. Students use music for school progress; teachers use songs to help kids learn. Then, of course, those are our more direct experiences with music（例子的分层）, like attending a concert or even making music ourselves. The prevalence of music has not diminished;if anything it has increased（本段使用了不同的场景和人群作为例子来证明该论点）.Even the fact that we take advantage of all the free music available demonstrates how music we value music!

Even though economics have caused the monetary value of music to decline,its cultural value remains strong. People have shared experiences with each other through song for thousands of years, and for much of this time, free music has been readily available. Though its monetary value may shift across time, the cultural value of music is consistent（结尾段再次重申自己的看法同时加入了历史背景的讨论）.

分析

这篇作文取得了满分的原因是因为作者可以始终用批判性的眼光来审视题目要讨论的问题及其观点。

分析与评估（Ideas and Analysis）

作者提出了一个非常新颖且精妙的论点：经济环境或许改变了人们对音乐产品的购买习惯，但这些消费习惯的变化并不代表人们对音乐文化的价值也发生了变化。可以通过从文化和经济学的角度来看待这个问题及其观点。作者能够针对观点二（关于盈余的讨论）做出讨论，同时也批判了观点一，即经济现象本身也是一种文化的产物。所以作者在讨论该问题的多个观点时还表达了自己的看法。

展开与论证（Development and Support）

在发展和支持论点时，作者始终扣题，并搭建了一条全面的逻辑与证据链。对“盈余”这个概念的解释展现了作者的洞察力。更重要的是，作者进一步引出这其实是一个经济问题，同时也是文化的一部分，同时巧妙地使用了一些具体的例子来向读者证明经济环境改变消费习惯但不会改变文化价值。有效并充满说服力。

结构与组织（Organization）

作者对于文章的组织十分清晰且具有逻辑性。作者首先对题目中要探讨的问题进行了背景介绍，然后针对三个观点逐一进行分析同时表达出了自己的看法。最后在结尾段中再一次强调了自己的观点，甚至加入了一些历史背景的讨论。段中对于衔接词的使用也非常准确，使得观点和信息之间的连接流畅有力。

语言使用与规约（Language Use and Conventions）

作者在解释一些概念时所使用的单词准确清晰。在讨论不同内容时，写作风格也能进行有效的变化，例如在谈论一些经济概念时表述会变得正式专业；在谈论音乐在人们生活中所扮演的角色时表述又变得更为日常。几乎没有出现语言错误。

ACT写作 vs TOEFL独立写作

从时间上来看，ACT写作的考试时间比TOEFL独立写作的考试时间略长。这主要是因为ACT写作在审题阶段需要考生完成一定量的阅读。而TOEFL独立写作的题目通常只有1-2句话。

从考试内容角度来说，两者均需要考生就一个已经被提出的观点或者话题发表自己的看法并使用不同的论证手法加以支持。而区别在于ACT写作要求考生就三个观点展开论述，而TOEFL独立写作题目绝大多数情况下只有一个观点。

从评分标准上我们可以看出，ACT写作和TOEFL独立写作的考察项还是非常相似的。两者对于考生的逻辑、论证和语言的能力都比较一致。除了ACT写作还需要考察考生对提示框内的信息进行分析和评估的能力。